Thank you for the question. 
 
As you can imagine I get a lot of questions on this website from all sorts of folks. Some have simple questions, some just want to make fun of Mormons, some are Mormons themselves, etc, etc. One big category of questioners are those from the Evangelical side of Christianity. Most of the questions we get from them are things that their pastors feed to them or things that they have been trained to ask Mormons about. As you well know there is a very healthy industry out there built on the premise of proving Mormonism wrong and pointing out all the perceived fallacies. At the same time there is a very healthy community of Mormons that develop materials to correct the perceived misinformation being spread around. When I see questions like these - my perception is that these are questions that have been built to feed to Mormons. 
 
Also when I see questions like these - it indicates to me that the person asking them is not really interested or curious about the truth behind them as much as they are trying to help the perceived Mormon who has been deceived. Most Mormons don't have all the understanding about why this happened and why that didn't happen. For myself - I will rely on others for information and research that defends our position. If you really want specific information about the items above - I can point you to some websites with very detailed information (esp http://www.fairlds.org/). Practically every issue that has been brought up as mistakes with the LDS church can be explained,refuted, etc. But it is not - nor the Church's purpose - to prove every single thing. Faith in God requires just that - Faith. 
 
If people really want to learn about our truths - we are not going to debate with people point by point. We find that counter-productive and contentious. Proving God's word by facts and data will not build faith. Living God's word and living by faith will do that. John 7:17 "If any man will do his will, he shall know of the doctrine, whether it be of God, or whether I speak of myself.". 
 
Another way to determine truth is: Matthew 7:7, 8, 20 
 
7 Ask, and it shall be given you; seek, and ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you: 
 
8 For every one that asketh receiveth; and he that seeketh findeth; and to him that knocketh it shall be opened. 
 
20 Wherefore by their fruits ye shall know them. 
 
Are all Mormons great examples? Absolutely not. Given that you have lots of relatives you have seen their warts and foibles. However I I would commend to you what the Church as a whole is doing. Try perusing this site: http://lds.org/service/humanitarian?lang=eng. 
 
Also - to get a high level understanding of the church - just go to http://mormon.org/. 
 
If you have some ongoing questions about the church - I'm happy to help answer them. 
 
Lastly - let me provide an analogy: If one were to look at the the incredible artwork by Michelangelo, Rembrandt, DaVinci, etc - one is overwhelmed with the overall beauty and magnitude of the artwork and the skill needed to create it. If one were to look very, very closely at the minute detail there would invariably be tiny flaws and mistakes. But nonetheless that does not make the artwork less impressive or less beautiful when taken in the full perspective. 
 
Likewise when questions are asked about minor things about something someone supposedly said, but ignore the overall greater perspective then one is apt to miss out on an incredible view and experience. For practically every supposed flaw in the church - I can point to a rebuttal or context or misinterpretation or explanation that puts to rest these issues. Are there difficulties and blemishes? Sure, but to focus solely on them would prevent one from enjoying the grander teachings and blessings of the gospel and would impair faith and trust in God. 
 
We are never going to agree through a process of debating point-by-point of different topics. It will be counter-productive. I'm happy to answer questions and point you to other resources should you choose to. 
 
Warm Regards, 
 
Jett

Hey John! 
 
Thanks for coming to the site! Also thank you for the questions! 
 
I will do my best to answer them to the best of my knowledge, please understand though that any no cited statements is personal opinion not Church doctrine.  
 
1) Prophecy about Jesus' return within 56 years 
 
1A) There is no prophecy that says this as far as I know of, the closest is one that stated that if Smith was to live to 85 he would see Christ again.  
 
Smith himself admitted in the prophesy that he didn't know if that meant Christ would return or Smith would simply pass away at age 85. Seeing that Smith was martyred in 1844 at age 38 this prophesy is a bit of the head scratcher. I feel that it falls in line with the scriptures since no one but the Father knows the hour of Christ's return, Jesus told Smith that he would see Christ when he reached age 85 because Christ knew the Prophet would only live to age 38, so he answered that no on is to know the way I see it.  
 
2) Prophecy that the temple would be built in Missouri within Smith's Generation 
 
2A) This is not a false prophecy unless Christ was a false prophet when he declared that he would return in the ancient Apostles generation in the New Testament. It is widely accepted in Christianity that a generation is used to refer to the entire generation of man for Adam to the end of days. So if that definition is applied to the Bible one must also apply it to modern revelations least they be a hypocrite using double standards.  
 
3} All Nations would be involved in the American Civil War 
 
3A) Another oversimplification of a D&C verse really and one that FAIRS (www.fairlds.org) has tackled a while ago to my satisfaction.  
 
There standard explanation is that the prophesy isn't only about he Civil War but also WWI, it's not the strongest argument but it is what it is.  
 
Really as a military man I look at the two wars as intertwined anyway, the tactics and technology of the Civil War is what made WWI so bloody and brutal. So I see the two conflicts as militarily intertwined.  
 
Also one has to realize that men are still capable of error, Smith could of simply gotten confused as all mortal men do and combined the Civil War with WWI on accident. As LDS this doesn't both us greatly because we know that no man is perfect at any time let alone all the time.  
 
4) Prophesy that the earth will tremble and the sun be hidden in "not many days" 
 
4A) Well last time I checked the Earth has been trembling a heck of a lot lately, maybe your a little out of touch with international news but Japan, Chile, and various other nations have been consistently rocked by 7.0+ earthquakes with Japan being whooped with a 9.0 magnitude earthquake. So I would say the Earth is trembling, a LOT.The darkness one is yet to come that's all, if a generation is the entire generation of mankind as the Bible defines it "soon" also must take a relative meaning. 
 
5) Prophecy that Isaiah 11 was about to be fulfilled 
 
5A)Well in LDS beliefs Isaiah 11 is partially fulfilled with the restoration of the Kingdom of God to the Earth through the prophet of Joseph Smith. We believe that the restoration of the Lord's One True Church in 1830 started the process of the Gathering of Israel, and that it will culminate with the gathering of the Saints in bot Jerusalem and Zion (independence, Missouri)we have no idea when this will happen only that it will happen.  
 
We also as most Christianity believes that we live in the latter days and that the Second Coming of the Lord Jesus Christ is imminent, so all Christians believe that Isaiah 11 is about to be fulfilled. Would you equally declare the hundreds of thousands of Evangelicals, Lutherans, methodists, catholics, and protestants that also believe that the return of Christ is imminent? 
 
I appreciate your time taken to ask these questions but it seems to me that your confusion is based unfamiliarity with Mormon and mainstream Christian doctrine. I don't know where to find other faiths doctrine and apologetics but I can list resources to learn of our faith and our apologetics.  
 
www.lds.org (LDS Official Website) 
www.mormon.org (Official missionary website) 
www.fairlds.org (FAIRS- An independent LDS apologetics group) 
http://maxwellinstitute.byu.edu/ (FARMS-The official apologetics origination of the Church)